Religion Philosophy
Faith in supernatural agency Empirical view of the universe
Zarathusta (Zoroaster) Thales & Anaximander
Good & evil matter water change
Ahura Mazda & Ahriman
Judaism Heraclitus
Covenant & YHWH Logos (Reason) & elemental opposites / strife
Hinduism Pythagoras
Karma, dharma & moksha order, harmony & numbers
Brahma, Shiva & Vishnu
Buddhism Parmenides
Small vessel & big vessel logos & the limits of knowledge
4 noble truths & 8-fold path “Doxa” – illusions of the sensory world
mean that true change is impossible
(old, ill, dead, yogi)
Taoism Anaxagoras
Meditation, observations of Mind and order from primordial chaos
Nature & being Nothing
special Protagoras & Sophistry (Rhetoric)
Virtue - "Man is the measure of all things" truth is a matter of perspective
Socrates Socrates
Truth & Reason The Question & Definitions of things
Dialectic
Plato
Perfection is in the mind
Theory of Ideas (perfect forms)
Theory of Reality (dualism)
Theory of Knowledge
Aristotle
Confucianism The nature of humanity & the function of
Filial piety Humankind
Service to society
Shang Yang Legalism
The Law is absolute
Individual merit is rewarded
Punishment is inescapable
Faith in supernatural agency Empirical view of the universe
Zarathusta (Zoroaster) Thales & Anaximander
Good & evil matter water change
Ahura Mazda & Ahriman
Judaism Heraclitus
Covenant & YHWH Logos (Reason) & elemental opposites / strife
Hinduism Pythagoras
Karma, dharma & moksha order, harmony & numbers
Brahma, Shiva & Vishnu
Buddhism Parmenides
Small vessel & big vessel logos & the limits of knowledge
4 noble truths & 8-fold path “Doxa” – illusions of the sensory world
mean that true change is impossible
(old, ill, dead, yogi)
Taoism Anaxagoras
Meditation, observations of Mind and order from primordial chaos
Nature & being Nothing
special Protagoras & Sophistry (Rhetoric)
Virtue - "Man is the measure of all things" truth is a matter of perspective
Socrates Socrates
Truth & Reason The Question & Definitions of things
Dialectic
Plato
Perfection is in the mind
Theory of Ideas (perfect forms)
Theory of Reality (dualism)
Theory of Knowledge
Aristotle
Confucianism The nature of humanity & the function of
Filial piety Humankind
Service to society
Shang Yang Legalism
The Law is absolute
Individual merit is rewarded
Punishment is inescapable